Category: Neco exam

BREAKING NEWS: Neco Released 2017 June/July Results see Performance Below

The National Examinations Council (NECO), on thursday released the June/July 2017 Senior Secondary Schools results.

Registrar of the council, Prof. Charles Uwakwe, announced the result at the NECO headquarters in Minna, Niger State capital.
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He said 745,053 candidates, representing 70.85 per cent of the 1,051,472 that sat for the examinations got at least five credits, including Mathematics and English Language.

Uwakwe said the performance of the candidates in this year’s examinations represents 1.11 per cent improvement when compared with 2016.

Neco 2017 Financial Accounting (Theory and Obj) Answers may/June Expo




Acct Obj

1-10 DCCEECABDC
11-20 DDEABDDACA
21-30 BACEAEDADB
31-40 DDCBECBBAC
41-50 ECEBDDEBED
51-60 CCAECCBADA

NECO 2017 Financial Accounting

1 a)
=>consignor is the shipper , and the initial owner of the goods .

=>consignee is the recipient ownership , the consignee may simply be an agent not actually taking ownership of the goods .

1 b )
TABULATE
Trade discount
A discount given by the seller to the buyer as a deduction in the list price of the commodity is trade discount .

Cash Discount
A deduction in the amount of invoice allowed by the seller to the buyer in return for immediate payment is cash discount .
==============

2a)
i) General warrant refers to a warrant providing a law-enforcement officer with broad discretion or authority to search and seize unspecified places or persons. 

Ii)A capital expenditure is an amount spent to acquire or improve a long-term asset

iii ) Recurrent expenditure means the cost of incurred expenses in the accounting year

iv ) supplementary budget refer to as the additional grant required to meet the required expenditure of the government

v) Payment Voucher refers to as document which can be used as proof that a monetary transaction has occurred between two parties

3a)Interdepartmental Transfer (IDT) Can be defined as a procedure in which they transfer funds from one account to another

3b)-Entries made twice
-Entries not made at all
-Entries to the wrong account
-Reversed entries

-Entries made twice. If an entry is made twice, the trial balance will still be in balance, so that is not a good document for finding it. Instead, for an ongoing transaction, you may have to wait for the issue to resolve itself. For example, a duplicate invoice to a customer will be rejected by the customer, while a duplicate invoice from a supplier will (hopefully) be spotted during the invoice approval process.

-Entries not made at all . Impossible to find on the trial balance, since it is not there (!). Your best bet is to maintain a checklist of standard entries, and verify that all of them have been made.

-Entries to the wrong account . This may be apparent with a quick glance at the trial balance, since an account that previously had no balance at all now has one. Otherwise, the best form of correction is preventive – use standard journal entry templates for all recurring entries.

-Reversed entries . An entry for a debit may be mistakenly recorded as a credit, and vice versa. This issue may be visible on the trial balance, especially if the entry is large enough to change the sign of an ending balance to the reverse of its usual sign.

3c)- Straight-Line depriciation
– Units of Production depriciation
-Sum-of-years-digits
-Double-declining Balance
-Accelerated depreciation method.

===========================

(4)

i)Goodwill is an intangible asset that arises when a buyer acquires an existing business

ii)Bad debt is debt that is not collectible and therefore worthless to the creditor.

iii)Preference stock are shares of a company’s stock with dividends that are paid out to shareholders before common stock dividends are issued.

iv) Depreciation is an accounting method of allocating the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life. 

V ) Accumulated depreciation is the cumulative depreciation of an asset up to a single point in its life

NO5 CLICK here for No5 Image

NO7) CLICK HERE FOR NO7 IMAGE

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Neco 2017 Practical/Physical Geography Answer – may/June Expo




Geography Obj:
1-10 BCACDBCEAE
11-20 ECDAABCECA
21-30 ADBBAADAEC
31-40 EEEDDDAEAC
41-50 ACAAADBADE
51-60 ADEACCCBDD

(1)

Measurements

Length=13.5cm
Breadth=13.5cm
New scale 1:100,000

(1c)
50,000/100,000×19cm
=0.5km×19cm
=9.5km

(1diii)
-Eco tourism
-Trading
-Fishing

3 a )
i ) Erosional plains
ii ) Structural plains

3 b ) Structural plains
They are relatively undisturbed horizontal surfaces of the Earth . They are structurally depressed areas of the world that make up some of the most extensive natural lowlands on the Earth ‘ s surface .

Erosional plains
They are plains that have been leveled by various agents of denudation such as running water , rivers , wind and glacier which wear out the rugged surface and smoothens them . Plain resulting from the action of these agents of denudation are called peneplains ( almost plain ) while plains formed from wind action are called pediplains

3 c )
i ) for farming
ii ) Building industrial Area
iii ) Building residential area
iv ) Grazing Livestock
v ) Settlement

5 a ) Volcanicity can be define as the eruption of molten magma onto the earth surface due to high temperature and pressure of the molten magma .

5 b )
Batholity – a very large igneous intrusion extending to an unknown depth in the earth’ s crust .

While
Dyke – is a thick wall that is built to stop water flooding onto very low -lying land from a river or from the sea .

5 c )
i ) Earthquake
ii ) fast flood
iii ) Rock falls
iv ) Mud slid

7 ai )
Gully erosion Can be defined as the removal of soil along drainage lines by surface water runoff .

7 aii)
Sheet Erosion can be defined as the erosion that removes surface material more or less evenly from an extensive area as contrasted with erosion along well – defined drainage lines that produces or enlarges gullies or ravines.

7 bi )
Overgrazing occurs when farmers stock too many animals such as sheep, cattle or goats on their land .

7 bii)
Overcropping is when the land is being continuously under cultivation and is not allowed to lie fallow between crops .

7 ci )
I ) Planting Vegetation
II ) Retaining Walls / Edging

8 a )
i ) Pointdata exists when a feature is associated with a single location in space . Examples of point features include a fire lookout tower , an oil well or gas activity site , and a weather station.
ii ) Lineardata exists when a feature ‘ s location is described by a string of spatial coordinates . Examples of linear data include rivers , roads , pipelines , etc .
iii) Area data exists when a feature is described by a closed string of spatial coordinates . An area feature is commonly referred to as apolygon . Examples of polygonal data include forest stands , soil classification areas , administrative boundaries , and climate zones .
8 b )
i ) it is crucial to making aerialand satellite imagery , usually raster images , useful for mapping as it explains how other data , such as the above GPSpoints , relate to the imagery .
ii ) it is very essential information may be contained in data or images that were produced at a different point of time .
iii) it obtained from surveying tools like total stationsmay be given a point of reference from topographic maps already available .
iv ) it can be used to analyze the changes in the features under study over a period of time .

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Neco 2017 Financial Accounting (Theory and Obj) Answers – May/June Expo




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    Neco 2017 Biology (Theory and Obj) Answers – May/June Expo


    Biology OBJ:
    1dadeaabcaa
    11ecebbaadbc
    21bbabcaadab
    31baccaabeed
    41dabcabcaae
    51aeeabbebde

    BIOLOGY THEORY .


    Biology THEORY:
    INSTRUCTION: Answer Three(3) Questions Only.

    1a)
    Homeostasis is the maintenance of a fairly constant internal environment despite the changes in the external environment. Eg Am Amoeba regulates the water content of its protoplasm inorder to keep it at a fairly constant level

    1aii)
    i)Auxins
    ii)cytokinin
    1aiii)
    -Euglena is regarded as an animal-
    i)It feed on ready-made food
    ii)It does not have a cellulose cell wall but has a plasma membrane
    -Euglena is regarded as an plant-
    i)It has a chloroplast
    ii)It can manufacture it’s food

    1bi)
    i)Temperature
    ii)humility

    1bii)

    2ai)
    Beak- is used to pick up food such as grains and fruits

    2aii)
    Crop- the food is stored temporarily in the crop where it moistened and fermented

    2aiii)
    Gizard- the grinding of the food takes place at the gizard with the aid of small stones

    2aiv)
    Liver- helps in breaking down fat from food

    2bi)​
    -Artery-
    i)Vessels which carry blood from the heart to various body parts
    ii)Arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart except pulmonary artery
    iii)Arteries have thick elastic muscular walls
    iv)Valves are absent
    -Vein-
    i)Vessels which carry blood from the various body parts to the heart
    ii)Veins carry deoxygenated blood from the various body parts except pulmonary vein
    iii)Veins have thin non elastic walls
    iv)Valves are present to prevent the backward flow of blood
    2bii)​
    -Adenovirus
    -Nephritis
    -Amyloidosis




    2biii)​
    i)Providing leadership on matters critical to health and engaging in partnerships where joint action is needed;
    ii)Shaping the research agenda and stimulating the generation, translation and dissemination of valuable knowledge;
    iii)Setting norms and standards and promoting and monitoring their implementation;
    iv)Articulating ethical and evidence-based policy options;
    v)Providing technical support, catalysing change, and building sustainable institutional capacity

    3ai)
    enzymes is a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.

    3aii)
    cyclosis is a regular cyclic movement of protoplasm within a cell. It is the circulation of cytoplasm or cell organelles, such as food vacuoles in some protozoans

    3aiii)
    peristalsis is the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward.







    3bi)
    i)Yankari Game Reserve – Bauchi
    ii)Borgu Game Reserve – kano
    iii)Okwangwo Game Reserve – Cross River

    3bii)
    I=incisors,
    C=canines,
    P = premolars
    M = molars.
    For adult man it is
    I – 2/2
    C – 1/1
    P – 2/2
    M – 3/3 = 16 x 2 = 32.

    3ci)
    TABULATE
    i)The outer layer of the fruit is the exocarp, and the outer layer of the seed is the testa.
    ii)Fruit contain high amounts of moisture while seed contain low amounts of moisture
    iii)Fruit undergoes a ripening process while seed does not undergoes a ripening process
    iv)after fertilization, the ovary convert into Fruit while after fertilization, the ovule convert into seed

    3cii)
    i)The fluid allows the baby to move around while it is developing. This movement allows for bone and muscle development.
    ii)The fluid also helps to keep the fetus nice and warm by keeping heat in. It also helps to keep the temperature consistent.
    iii)The fluid offers protection from any blows that may come to the uterus area. It may cushion the blow if the mother falls.







    4ai)
    Decomposers are organism that break down complex organic molecules in dead plant and animal materials in stage, into simple organic molecules and finally into inorganic substances

    4aii)
    Habitat is a kind of place where an organism lives in nature

    4aiii)
    Mutation is a permanent change in DNA structure that may alter or destroy a given character or give rise to a new character

    4bi)
    i)For torism
    ii)For source of foreign exchange
    iii)For source of energy

    4bii)
    i)Fission
    ii)Budding
    iii)Fragmentation

    4biii)
    Functions of blood

    i)Transportation of digested food substance
    ii)Transports oxygen
    iii)Transports excretory products
    iv)Distributes heat and equalizes body temperature
    v)destroys bacteria through blood corpuscles

    4biv)
    TABULATE

    SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
    i)often two parents needed
    ii)Gametes produced
    iii)Offsprings show new variation

    ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
    i)only one parent needed
    ii)No gametes
    iii)Offsprings identical

    5a)
    Primary succession is that which occurs in an area where no community existed before and involves the formation of new soil.it may begin from a bare dry environment or an aquatic environment

    5aii)
    Primary root is that which develop first and originates from the radicle of the seed of a plant. It is essential for the anchoring of the plant and ensure plant growth.it eventually develop into the tap root and fibrous root

    5aiii)
    Micronutrient is define as a class of chemical compound which is needed in largest amounts or quantities by

    5bi)
    i)Asthma
    ii)lung cancer
    iii)pneumomia

    5bii)
    i)Quarantining
    ii)Prohibition
    iii)Biological control
    iv)chemical control

    =====COMPLETED=====

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    Neco 2017 Literature in English (Drama and Poetry) Answer – may/June Expo

    Neco 2017 literature in English (Drama and Poetry) !!!




    LIT-Ans
    SECTION I
    3)
    MALUGUS DECEITFUL AND CORRUPTION : Throughout the play, The Blood of a Stranger, deceit permeates every aspects of the characters’ lives especially the antagonist such as Whitehead, Maligu, Parker and Soko. Maligu’s deception is made known from his plans to make fortune from the white man’s visit, at the expense of the people of Mandoland. This is evident in his conversation with Soko, from whom he canvasses support for his mischief. To the morally dangling priest, he says: “Do you want to die a poor man?” Similarly, Soko deceives the entire village regarding the coming of the white man when he lies that the oracle has indeed prophesied the event and that a virgin girl be sacrificed. In addition, the white man, Whitehead, and his assistant, Parker, connive to rob the village of her naturally endowed diamond while fooling the king and the palace chiefs that his mission is to empower the villagers through tobacco farming. With this, Charley seems to portray the deceptive and amoral means, which the White colonialists used in raping their colonies, African countries, of their God-given natural resources.
    ==================================







    SECTION II
    8)Lena Younger, a.k.a. Mama, totally rocks our world. She’s a down-to-earth, hard-working black woman who doesn’t suffer fools. Mama has dedicated her life to her children and struggles to instill her values in them – with mixed results. One of Lena’s most poignant moments might be when she admits to Ruth that sometimes her children frighten her. This is one of those sad and beautiful moments that make her character seem truly human.
    Throughout the play, Lena struggles to con
    ==================================
    SECTION III
    9)
    Dinner tonight comes with gun wounds. Our desert tongues lick the vegetable blood—the pepper strong enough to push scorpions up our heads. Guests look into the oceans of bowls as vegetables die on their tongues. The table that gathers us is an island where guerillas walk the land while crocodiles surf. Children from Alphabeta with empty palms dine with us; switchblades in their eyes, silence in their voices. When the playground is emptied of children`s toys who needs roadblocks? When the hour to drink from the cup of life ticks, cholera breaks its spell on cracked lips Under the spilt milk of the moon, I promise to be a revolutionary, but my Nile, even without tributaries comes lazy upon its own Nile. On this night reserved for lovers of fire, I’m full with the catch of gun wounds, and my boots have suddenly become too reluctant to walk me.
    ==================================







    SECTION IV
    12)
    The poem “The Pulley” illustrates the relationship between God and man especially his benevolence to man. The first stanza describes how God made man and blessed him with worldly riches: “When God at first made man, Having a glass of blessings standing by”. The stanza also portrays the concept of Trinity as seen in the Biblical creation story in Genesis: “Let us, said he pour on him all we can.
    In the second stanza, God actually poured his blessings of strength, beauty, wisdom, honour and pleasure on man but withheld one important blessing- The Gift of Rest: “Perceiving that, alone of all his treasure, Rest in the bottom lay”.
    In the third stanza, God gave his reason for withholding the gift of rest from man. He withdrew this blessing because he felt giving man the gift of rest would make him conceited or excessively proud and man may not worship him: “He would adore my gifts instead of me, And rest in nature, not the God of Nature”. With the withdrawal of rest from man, man is thrown into perpetual restlessness so that he can always remember his creator whether as a result of goodness.
    ==================================
    Completed

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    Neco 2017 Languages Exam(IGBO, HOUSA & YORUBA) Answers – May/June Expo


    Hausa Obj
    1-10BCACDCCBDD
    11-20DDCCAAAACC
    21-30CDDBADABDB
    31-40CDDBDCABCB
    41-50BDBCACBACC

    (6)
    Insha’i shine tsara rubutu
    ko labari bisa ga
    ma’ana da inganci ta hanyar
    jera tunani da ka’idoji
    da masana suka shimfida.

    (13a)
    Dangantaka tsakanin
    majemi da badukubr
    akwai kyakkyawar
    dangantaka tsakanin majemi
    da
    baduku saboda kamar yada
    muka sani majemi
    shine ke jeme fata wato ya
    gyarata ta zamo baduku
    zai iya amfani da ita wajen
    sarrafa ta ta zamo
    abinda zamu rika amfani dasu
    na yau da kullum.
    Kamar su jaka, filalla, hannun
    agogo, takalma da
    sauransu.

    (13b)
    Kayan jima
    1. Ruwa
    2. Allura
    3. Zare
    4. Makwankwasa
    5. Almakashi Kayan jimancibr
    1. Bagaruwa
    2. Kasko
    3. Ruwa
    4. Baba
    5. Jirai


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    Neco 2017 Civic Education Theory and Obj Answer may/June Expo


    CIVIC EDUCATION

    OBJ
    1-10DCDBBBCAAE
    11-20ACBCCEEBAD
    21-30EECAAEABBD
    31-40EEDCEDECCA
    41-50AACECEABAB
    51-60ACDBBADDDB

    ANSWER FOUR QUESTIONS ONLY, AT LEAST TWO QUESTIONS FROM EACH SECTION.

    SECTION A

    2a)
    Human trafficking is the trade in humans, most commonly for the purpose of sexual slavery, forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation for the traffickers.

    2b)
    i)Poverty:This is a situation where a person fall short of a level of economic welfare, where a person lacks the basic human want which are clothing, food and shelter.

    ii) Lack of employment opportunities : Due to the bad economic situation of some countries that made some people jobless, some people therefore get lured and deceived by traffickers because they want to get out of the country and thereby using them as slaves and prostitutes in other countries.

    iii)Profit : Because of the profits the trafficker wants to make from doing trafficking business make them to engage themselves in such evil business all because of profit.




    iv)Illiterates : Illiterates are those who are not able to read or write, illiteracy has made so many people to become a victim of trafficking, for instance, signing on a paper you do not have any knowledge about.

    v)Economic system : Because of poor economic system of some countries the citizens prefer to live somewhere else and would not mind to go anywhere and because of this they become a victim.

    vi)Greed : Some people are not satisfied with what they have, because of the love to earn more than what they can have they end up falling into the hands of traffickers.

    4)
    i) They lie=>i.e They have to tell lies to mislead people about where they were when they were really out buying or using drugs or alcohol. 

    ii) They manipulate=>i.e Unless they are also addicted, the family and close friends of an addicted person really want her to thrive and be happy. 

    iii) They are very likely to be engaged in criminal acts=>i.e This isn’t true of every addict, but it is a typical pattern for a person who has been addicted for a considerable time. 

    iv) An addict will shift the blame=>i.e Irresponsibility is the name of the game for an addict. Whereas this person may have lived their prior life as a highly responsible individual, drug addiction steals that quality away.

    V) An addict is very likely to become abusive=>i.e It’s tragic that an addict’s blame can even take a violent and abusive form. With the delusional thinking common to most addicts, he can perceive those around him as being threatening, dangerous or malicious. 

    SECTION B

    5a)
    Citizenship is the status of a person recognized under the custom or law as being a legal member of a sovereign state or part of a nation .

    5b)
    i) Citizenship by Birth ( jus sanguinis)=>If one or both of a person’s parents are citizens of a given state, then the person may have the right to be a citizen of that state as well

    ii)Citizenship by marriage or Registration=>
    A person can be a citizen of a country through registration. This mostly occurs to women who marry foreign nationals. For instance, a Gambian woman married to a Nigerian may register as a citizen of Nigeria but she must satisfy certain conditions such as residing in Nigeria and should take the oath of allegiance to Nigeria and renounce her Gambian citizenship.

    iii) Citizenship by Naturalization=>
    This is another way through which an individual can acquire citizenship in a country. Through this method, the individual must satisfy certain basic conditions such as in the case of Nigeria, the individual must have lived in Nigeria for not less than 15 years, he must have a job, he must be an honourable person, that is, not a criminal and must be recommended by a very important person in the country.

    iv)Citizenship by Descent=>
    This is a method of acquiring citizenship of another country as a result of the fact that his grandparents are citizens of the country.







    7a)
    Civil society refers to any non-governmental entity formed by a group of people with similar interests who come together to work on a common goal

    7b)
    i)Civil society makes state at all level to be accountable, responsive and to be more effective. They help to limit and control the power of the state

    ii)It promotes political participation through the process of educating people about the about their rights and obligations as democratic citizen and also encourage them to participate in election.

    iii)Building community; engagement and participation in voluntary associations also has the potential to strengthen bonds among citizens.

    iv)Socialization; civil society contributes to the formation and practice of democratic attitudes among citizens. Thus people learn to develop tolerance, mutual trust and the ability to relate with people.

    v)It can also help to play an important role in meditating and helping to resolve conflict.

    ======COMPLETED======

    Neco 2017 Computer science (Theory and Obj) may/June Expo

    COMPUTER OBJ

    1-10:ADAABAECCC
    11-20:BDDEECABBD
    21-30:CECAADAADA
    31-40:CABAEEBDEA
    41-50:DBDBBBABEE
    51-60:EEDCDABDEA

    2a)
    i) Copyright is a legal right created by the law of a country that grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights for its use and distribution. This is usually only for a limited time. 




    2aii)Spam is considered to be electronic junk mail or junk newsgroup postings. Some people define spam even more generally as any unsolicited .

    2aiii)Malware, short for malicious software, is an umbrella term used to refer to a variety of forms of hostile or intrusive software,[1]including computer viruses, worms, trojan horses, ransomware, spyware, adware, scareware, and other malicious programs. 

    2aiv)A Hacker is a person who finds and exploits the weakness in computer systems and/or networks to gain access. Hackers are usually skilled computer programmers with knowledge of computer security.

    2av)encryption is the process of encoding a message or information in such a way that only authorized parties can access it

    2bi

    1. Hardware Troubles – It’s Alive!

    2. No Response

    3)Slow Performance 
    4)Slow Startup –

    2bii)

    1. Protect Information:
    2. Reduce transfer of data
    3. Ban unencrypted device:

    3a)
    A network topology is the pattern in which nodes (i.e., computers, printers, routers or other devices) are connected to a local area network (LAN) or other network via links

    3aii)
    i)Star topology
    ii)bus topology
    iii)Mesh topology
    iv)Ring topology

    3bi)Web server is a computer system, which provides the web pages via HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol).

    While

    Web browser is a client, program, software or tool through which we sent HTTP request to web server.

    3bii)
    Hub connects multiple Ethernet devices together, making them act as a single segment.
    While
    Switch is used to connect various network segments.

    (4)

    (i)
    10 REM “Program to calculate the perimeter of a circle”

    20 INPUT “R ”
    30 LET P1 = 22/7
    40 LET P = 2 * P1 * R
    50 PRINT P
    60 END

    (ii) LET statement is used to assign a value to a variable.

    REM statement is used to give the remark OR the comment within the program.

    INPUT statement allows input of values after the RUN command is given.

    (bi) Looping is the process whereby a software program repeat the same institution or processes the same information and over until it relieves the order to stop

    (ii) High level language TRANSLATOR compiler

    Assembly Language Translator Assembler

    (iii) BASIC
    FORTRAN

    (6)

    (I) Collation is the assembly of written information into a standard order
    Collation is a fundamental element of most office filing systems, library catalogs, and reference books.

    (ii)Information processing is the change (processing) of information in any manner detectable by an observer. As such, it is a process that describes everything that happens (changes) in the universe, from the falling of a rock (a change in position) to the printing of a text file from a digital computer system

    (iii)Information Analysis is a vital function in both government and the private sector. Analysts identify, obtain, analyze, and synthesize information to provide insights and advice to policymakers on critical decisions they must make.

    (Iv)The gathering of relevant and up-to-date information is a key business process. Information consists of organised facts and figures that have meaning within the context that the information is intended to be interpreted by people. Information is thus a valuable business commodity, and frequently businesses pay money for up-to-date and relevant information.

    (6 bi)A presentation program is a software package used to display information in the form of a slide show. It has three major functions: an editor that allows text to be inserted and formatted, a method for inserting and manipulating graphic images, and a slide-show system to display the content.




    (6b ii)

    (a)Slide master
    (b)Slide notes
    (C)Transitions
    (d) plain text editor

    8e,intranet is a private network that is contained within an enterprise. It may consist of many interlinked local area networks and also use leased lines in the wide area

    8e ii, worm is a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers.

    8Vii, cache is a hardware or software component that stores data so future requests for that data can be served faster; the data stored in a cache might be the result of an earlier computation, or the duplicate of data stored elsewhere.




    8viii, Authentication is a process in which the credentials provided are compared to those on file in a database of authorized users’ information on a local operating system or within an authentication server.

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    Neco 2017 Islamic Studies (Theory and Obj) Answers – May/June Expo

    IRS OBJ
    1EDCECCDEBA
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    2a
    Method of preservation of the Quran during the Prophet’s time

    Besides, those of the Companions who were literate used to keep a written record of several portions of the Glorious Quran. In this manner, the text of the Quran had been preserved in four different ways during the lifetime of the Holy Prophet (p):




    a) The Holy Prophet (p) had the whole text of the Divine Messages from the beginning to the end committed to writing by the scribes of revelations.

    b) Many of the Companions learned the whole text of the Quran, every syllable of it, by heart.

    c) All the illustrious Companions, without an exception, had memorized at least some portions of the Holy Quran, for the simple reason that it was obligatory for them to recite it during worship. An estimate of the number of the illustrious Companions may be obtained from the fact that one hundred and forty thousands Companions had participated in the Last Pilgrimage performed by the Prophet (p).

    d) A considerable number of the literate Companions kept a private record of the text of the Quran and satisfied themselves as to the purity of their record by reading it out to the Prophet.




    2bi
    tafsir is to reconcile the holiness of the text with the humanness of the interpreter (mufassir); who being human has limitations and weaknesses and may make mistakes in the interpretation of the text.

    2bii
    The Qur’an is divided into 30 parts each called juz’u. Their demarcations do not coincide with those of surats.

    2biii

    Each juz’u is divided into 2 sections each called hizb




    5a
    1. Taking permanent or temporary residence in a place, i.e., the person is not on a journey.
    2. This prayer is an obligation on males only. Women are not ordered to perform it.
    3. This prayer is compulsory for free male persons. Slaves are exempted from this obligation since they engage themselves in serving their masters.
    4. Illness or hardship (praying in the mosque) exempts a person from this obligation.. Also exempt is the person taking care of a very ill person who can not manage himself without his assistance. 
    The evidence for these conditions is the Hadith narrated from Tariq Ibn Shihab that The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “The Friday prayer in congregation is a necessary obligation for every Muslim, with four exceptions; a slave, a woman, a boy, and a sick person”. (Abu Dawood)
    Imam Baihaqi and Daruqutni narrated that the prophet said: “Juma’h Prayer is compulsory on every Muslim who believes in Allah and in the Last Day except a sick, a woman, a child, a slave or a traveller”.
    5. Those who suffer from physical disabilities such as senility, blindness etc. If a blind man has someone who can lead him to the mosque, then praying in mosque becomes obligatory on him.